LIVE PRODUCTION GUIDE

Live Events & Livestreaming.

A live show succeeds on rehearsal and redundancy: every signal has a backup, every speaker has a cue, and the stream is tested on the real network before doors open.

Field guideLive Events & LivestreamingOverview · Decisions · Deep dive · Checklist
For clients & planners

The overview

Live production means cutting cameras, graphics and presentations in real time for the room (IMAG on screens), for a livestream, or both. Unlike a recorded shoot, there is no second take, so planning focuses on run of show, cues and backups.

Hybrid events serve two audiences at once. Remote viewers need their own pacing: a host who acknowledges them, clean audio from every microphone, captions, and short breaks filled with slates or sponsor loops instead of dead air.

Internet is the number-one risk. A dedicated, wired connection with at least twice the stream bitrate in upload, tested on site, beats any amount of gear.

KEY DECISIONS

The choices that shape budget and quality.

QuestionOptionsOur guidance
Where does the stream go?Your website player, YouTube, Facebook, Vimeo, LinkedIn Live, Zoom/Teams, or several at once.One primary destination plus simulcast; your own site keeps viewers on your brand.
Public or private?Public, unlisted, password- or registration-gated.Gate with registration when you need attendee data or sponsor reporting.
LatencyNormal (15–30 s), low (5–10 s), ultra-low/real-time (under 1 s).Low latency for Q&A; real-time only when remote guests interact live.
Remote presentersZoom/Teams return, NDI, or a browser-based guest link.Rehearse every remote guest on their real computer and network.
RecordingProgram only, or isolated recordings of every camera.Always both: ISO recordings let us edit a polished replay.
FOR PRODUCERS & CREW

Technical deep dive.

Specs, settings, standards and current tools. Facts that change are dated and sourced.

Show flow
  • Run of show (ROS) by the minute with owner, source and audio for every segment; a separate cue sheet for graphics and playback.
  • Production roles: producer/show caller, technical director (switcher), audio engineer (A1), camera operators, graphics/playback, stream engineer, stage manager.
  • Communication: wired or wireless intercom (party line) between TD, cameras and stage; a separate channel for the client producer.
Switching and signal
  • Switcher: ATEM Television Studio 4K8 class (8 inputs, 4K, built-in multiview and recording) handles most corporate shows; larger events add a second M/E or a router.
  • Keep frame rate and resolution consistent across every source (for example, all 1080p59.94); mismatched laptops are converted with scalers before the switcher.
  • Multiview for the TD, clean feed and program feed separated so IMAG, stream and recording can each carry their own graphics.
Streaming protocols
  • RTMP/RTMPS: universal ingest to platforms. Enhanced RTMP adds HEVC, AV1 and HDR metadata; YouTube accepts H.264, HEVC and AV1 ingest.
  • SRT: resilient contribution over the open internet with retransmission and encryption; preferred between venue and cloud or studio.
  • WHIP (IETF RFC 9725, March 2025): WebRTC ingest standard for sub-second, interactive streams.
  • HLS / LL-HLS and DASH: playback formats viewers receive; low-latency HLS reaches roughly 2–5 seconds.
Encoder settings (YouTube guidance)
  • Constant bitrate, 2-second keyframes (never over 4), AAC audio at 128 kbps stereo.
  • 1080p60: about 12 Mbps in HEVC/AV1 or 17 Mbps in H.264 recommended; 4K60: 35 Mbps HEVC/AV1 or 50 Mbps H.264. HDR live needs HEVC; AV1 does not carry HDR on YouTube.
  • Upload headroom: provision at least 1.5–2× the total outbound bitrate, more when simulcasting from the venue.
Redundancy
  • Primary wired internet plus a bonded cellular or second ISP backup; separate encoders or a cloud fan-out for simulcast.
  • Record program and ISOs locally regardless of the stream, on two devices.
  • UPS on switcher, encoder and network; spare presenter laptop with the deck loaded; standby slate ready on a hotkey.
PLANNING CHECKLIST

Before the shoot or show.

  • Run of show and cue sheet signed off 48 hours before
  • Site visit: power circuits, internet drop, stage, sightlines, load-in path
  • Upload speed tested on the real network at the real time of day
  • Presentations collected in advance, in 16:9, with fonts embedded
  • Remote guests rehearsed on their own equipment
  • Captions arranged (human CART or automatic) and tested
  • Holding slate, countdown, sponsor loop and "technical difficulties" slate built
  • Full rehearsal with talent, then a 30-minute pre-show stream test
CLIENT FAQS

Questions we hear most.

How much internet do we need?

For a single 1080p stream, a dedicated wired connection with at least 20 Mbps upload. Simulcasting to several platforms from the venue multiplies that unless we route through a cloud service.

What is IMAG?

Image magnification: live camera shots of the speaker on the room screens so people in the back can see faces and expressions.

Can remote speakers join live?

Yes, over Zoom, Teams or a browser link. We bring them into the switcher with clean audio and rehearse each one before the show.

Will we get a recording?

Yes. We record the program and every camera separately, so a clean, edited replay is ready quickly.

Will game-day crowds slow down our livestream?

Not if it runs on a wired line. Cell networks near Ohio Stadium, Lower.com Field, Mercedes-Benz Stadium or State Farm Arena get crowded on event days, so we test the venue’s wired internet beforehand and never rely on public cellular for the main stream.

Can you stream a high school or college graduation?

Yes. We confirm the venue’s camera positions and stream rules early, use processional music that is cleared for streaming, and offer a family opt-out so anyone who should not appear online is kept off camera.

What happens if a storm rolls in during an outdoor event?

We follow a lightning plan agreed with the venue: when lightning is within range we pause, shelter people and gear, and switch the stream to a holding slate until the all-clear. Columbus springs and Atlanta summers both bring fast-moving storms, so we write this into the run-of-show.

MORE GUIDES

Keep reading.

From planning to booking

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